## Relative Clauses

Relative clauses are the phrases which start with a relative pronoun. While they probably essential to the meaning of a sentence, they are never crucial to the completeness of a sentence. For instance:

The tiger ate my aunt earlier today.

The tiger [that was hungry] ate my aunt earlier today.

Comma phrases are the additional phrases which are set off by a pair of commas. Take the following sentence:

[After escaping], the tiger that was hungry ate my aunt, [who was nice and juicy, earlier today.]

A crucial part of doing well on the SAT Writing section is knowing how to strip away all these secondary phrases to get back to the essence of the sentence.

Continue reading Study Notes: SAT Writing Section

## Heat and Thermodynamics

Temperature scales: $\small T(K)=T(^{\circ}C)+273$

Temperature change: $\small Q=mc \Delta T$ (c is the specific heat.)

Phase change: $\small Q=mL$ (L is the latent heat of transformation.)

#### Thermal expansion

$\small \Delta L = \alpha L_{0} \Delta T$ ($\small \alpha$ is the coefficient of linear expansion.)

$\small \Delta V = \beta V_{0} \Delta T$ ($\small \beta$ is the coefficient of volume expansion.)

Continue reading Study Notes: SAT Physics Subject Test

## Study Notes: AP Physics C Reference Sheet

### Coulomb’s Law

Force between two point charges: $\small F=\frac{Q_{1}Q_{2}}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}R^{2}}$

### Electric Fields

Definition of Electric Field: $\small E = \frac{F}{Q}=\frac{Q}{4\pi \varepsilon _{0}R^{2}}$
For a single point: $\small F=qE$

### Potential and Voltage

Definition of electric potential V: $\small V = \frac{U}{Q}$
For a constant electric field: $\small E_{x}=-\frac{\Delta V}{\Delta x}$
Potential due to a point charge at distance a: $\small V(a)= \frac{Q}{4 \pi \varepsilon _{0}a}$

Continue reading Study Notes: AP Physics C Reference Sheet